it is the change in entropy that ultimately provides us with the answer to
why systems will naturally evolve in one direction with time and not the
other: systems always evolve in time in such a way that the total entropy of
system + environment increases. If you observe a system in which the entropy
appears to decrease, you can be sure that somewhere there is a change in the
entropy of the environment large enough to make the total entropy change
positive. for example, suppose that in a closed system i drop an ice cube in
a container full of hot water. heat will flow from the body of hot water to
the ice cube. the temperature of the hot water drops and the ice melts
simultaneously until both bodies of water (the hot water and the ice) reach
the same temperature and form a homogeneous body of luke-warm water. the
cooling process of the hot water is a negative entropy change. in other
words, the entropy of the hot water decreases. (the hot water changes from a
relatively disorganized state to a more organized state.) the melting
process of the ice is a positive entropy change. in other words, the entropy
of the ice increases. (the ice changes from a relatively organized state to
a more disorganized state.) it turns out that the positive entropy change of
the ice is greater than the negative entropy change of the hot water. in
other words, if you observe the hot water in which the entropy appears to
decrease, you can be sure that there is a change in the entropy of the ice
large enough to make the total entropy change positive. if "sh" is the
negative entropy change of the hot water (sh 0) and "si" is the positive
entropy change of the ice (si 0), then sh + si 0.

antithesis is the negative moment in the movement of thought that denies
the thesis and is in turn transcended in the synthesis.

the body of hot water is the negative moment in the movement of heat that
denies the ice cube and is in turn transcended in the homogeneous body of
luke-warm water.

the hot body of water is the antithesis
the ice cube is the thesis
and the homogeneous body of luke-warm water is the synthesis.