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| Tags: 1194, comparison, derivative, generalized, gravity, lie, quantum, spacetime, symmetries |
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From Osher Doctorow
Now take a look at "Spacetime Symmetries" in Wikipedia, according to which zero Lie derivatives "preserve" their arguments and thereby give rise to a Symmetry. For example: 1) Killing Symmetry: L_X(gab) = 0 (L_X is L with respect to vector field X) 2) Homothetical Symmetry: L_X(gab) = 2kgab, k real constant 3) Affine Symmetry: (L_X(gab))_;c = 0 (;c expresses covariant derivative wrt c) 4) Matter Symmetry: L_X(Tab) = 0, Tab energy-momentum tensor (components) Here gab is the metric tensor with ab subscript indices. When we move to the real double arguments: 5) L(x, y) = 2xy we no longer see any connection with 0, and when we move even further to identical arguments: 6) L(y, y) = 2y^2 we get a contribution to Riccati Differential Equation change dy/dt: 7) dy/dt = A(t) + B(t)y + C(t)y^2 = A(t) + L(y, 1)B(t)/2 + L(y, y)C(t)/ 2 and of course L(y, 1) = 2y has this property also. We are arguably seeing a different "dimension" of Lie Derivatives when we generalize them to arguments that are couples of real variables with real values, namely a dimension in which instead of preserving variables as with Symmetry and Conservation, the emphasis is on increasing variables as with expansion and (Probable) Influence/ Causation. The surprise is that for both Energy and Force, at least in classical formulations, the second interpretation of Lie Derivatives holds also! While ordinary Lie Derivatives are related to Conservation of Energy, the Double Generalized Lie Derivative L(v, v) = 2v^2 just differs by a constant m from Kinetic Energy, and Force = mDtt(y) for displacement/position y is an operator analog of this. They do not represent "Conservations" but pushes and pulls and work or readiness for work. The view of GR, and classical physics, also implicitly adopted in much of Quantum Theory, that various things are preserved, must now be seen as only one side of a duality in which, via generalized Lie Derivatives, things are just as plausibly increasing! And from this viewpoint, the speed of light being a finite upper bound to speed and the Planck constant being a finite lower bound no longer seem intuitive to say the least in the most general scenarios. The Riccati Differential Equation is now seen as the opposite of a "Conservation" scenario, but rather as an Expansion or "Push/Pull" scenario, or as a Contraction scenario. This is why, incidentally, I think that Hoyle beat Einstein to the expansion of the Universe, because Einstein was not oriented toward expansion but toward Conservation. It was not a coincidence but a misreading of Fundamentals. Osher Doctorow |
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