Title: The Mathematics of Particle Mass

{ABSTRACT: The DATA Range of a Fifth Dimensional power law.

The simple equation "( n/2 )^5 . n= 1 to 11"
has 11 values that map in a simple mathematical fashion
to the entire range of Elementary Particle mass QED.

-----The upper five region 11 to 7' from ( n/2 )^5
n Name e mass error% Energy

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11 MAX 5033 1 2.6 Bev ; Observation set limit table maximum
10 Om 3124 4.6 1.6 Bev as Tau and Omega range
9 Proton 1845.3 -0.5 943 Mev Proton
8 K' 1024 -0.4 523 Mev ---- K' as Half of Kaon and Eta sum.
7' Pion 275 -0.7 (243+32 ) as 7'=6 plus UNIT /CMF
upper half
----- 6 Empty mid zone at n=(6*2)/2
lower half
5' Muon 211 -2.1 (243-32 ) as 5'=6 minus UNIT/CMF
4 CMF 32 7 Common Mass Factor at ~16Mev to 18Mev ; a 3D UNIT.
3 ? 7.6 ? 3.88Mev ; an unknown zone; perhaps Dark matters?
2 e 1 0 NEGATIVE electron; reference mass; 0.511 Mev !
1 eN 1/32 0.1 Smallest Neutrino in Tritium Beta decay at 16 Kev; a MIN
----- the lower five region 5' to 1 from ( n/2 )^5

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Hello Everyone,

I often wondered why the Klauza-Klein Five Dimensional insights
have not yielded anything interesting or significant;
neither advocates nor theorems.

-------------------------------

--------- Consider a volume of one cubic centimeter; cc = cm^3

Imagine trying to compare Mercury's orbital volume at 32 million miles across or
17,140 million cubic miles or 8e23 cubic KM to a cc.

Compare it with whatever precision you can imagine.

It's equivalent to the nuclear scale volume within that same cc.

Using the scale value of 1e-13 cm as a reference;
it is the same ratio as Mercury's orbital volume is to a cm^3.

A cm^3 was midway between the orbital volume of Mercury
and the volume of the nuclear scale.


================= The subSPACE Theory

Ever ask yourself "What is MASS and where is it?"

This theory asserts MASS exists in a tiny volume,
a near-nuclear scaled region that has its own laws.

I have loosely titled the theory :

"subSPACE ; The fifth dimensional domain of 3D volume
where the MASS of a Particle resides/exists".

--------------------------------------

subSPACE theory assumptions:

1. 2.6 Bev is the upper limit for the range of particle mass.

2. subSPACE is a mathematically generated distribution from
the power function "( n/2 )^5 , n = 1 to 11", Q.E.D.!

This distribution matches very well with measured Particle MASS
distribution.

Since mass is already considered "compacted",
ANY valid mass relation/equation of a fifth power nature that
encompasses most forms and range of mass
would be a self evident proof and Klauza-Klein compatible.

3. Normal spatial concepts of our macro scale do not apply to
this real "subSPACE" scale where mass resides; it's too distant.



--------------------

Predictions; If this "subSPACE" thesis/model is correct, then

Particle Mass mapped by subSPACE would be self-evident [QED]

A new way to measure/see Dark Matter is possible, based on a revealed resonance at
3.88 Mev.


---------------------------------------------


========== Entire particle MASS/Energy range mapped

Here are the first three 5D examples for the electron, proton and upper limit.

e = (1)^5 was one standard e mass at 0.511 Mev

Proton = (4.5)^5 at 1845.3 e masses or 943 Mev; a -0.5% fit.

Max = (5.5)^5 at 5033 e masses or 2.6Bev ; the measured limit of MASS; a 1% fit.

Two more 5th power points emerge upon simple inspection
of Kaon and Omega ranges.

(4)^5 maps to the Kaon at 6%
If (K + ETdA)/2 mass is used , then its a 0.4% match.
------ noted in this text as K' for the pairing half value at 523 Mev.

(5)^5 maps to the Omega at 4.8%

Now there are five fits to a simple 5th power curve!

e = (1)^5 was one standard e mass at 0.511 Mev

K' as (Kaon+eta)/2 was 1024 e masses or 523 Mev at a -0.4% fit.
Proton = (4.5)^5 at 1845.3 e masses or 943 Mev; a -0.5% fit.
Omega at 5^5 was 3124 e masses or 1.6 Bev; at a 4.6% fit

Max = (5.5)^5 or 5033 e masses at 2.6Bev, at a 1 % fit.

----( 11/2 )^5 ----This was the actual observed upper limit at the Particle scale.
-------- 1st assumption satisfied as maximum


-----------------------------

Next, the form of the function is changed to
make a table of (n/2)^5 values from 1 to 11.

The five points are now:

(2/2)^5 (8/2)^5 (9/2)^5 (10/2)^5 (11/2)^5
e--------------K'------------P--------------Om----------Max
0 -0.4 -0.5 4.8 1 %
match


---------------------------------------------

After re-studying all the Elementary Particle masses, It was noted that
(4/2)^5 at 16.4 Mev is 7% near the particle Common Mass Factor-
CMF of 17.5 Mev; suggesting an internal mass grouping; a UNIT mass

eg. Muon is ~6 UNITs , Pion is ~8 UNITs and Proton is ~54 UNITs

Now there are six points, with five remaining unknowns.

(2/2)^5 (4/2)^5 (8/2)^5 (9/2)^5 (10/2)^5 (11/2)^5
e------ CMF ----K'-----------P----------Om---------Max
0 7 -0.4 -0.5 4.8 1 %

-----------------------

For further study, the remaining five 'n' values were separated
into a (6/2, 7/2 & 5/2) group and 3/2 & 1/2 into another.

-------------------------- Neutrino Match found at ( 1/2 )^5

Finally, consider the enigmatic (1/2)^5 value
at e/32 masses or 16 Kev.

It is an excellent fit to the observed minimum Energy
of (eN) the anti-Neutrino measured in Tritium beta decay (0.1%)

-------------Particle Mass's entire range mapped!

Here is current table of seven from ( n/2 )^5:

n 1 2 4 8 9 10 11
ID eN e CMF K' P Om Max
% err 0.1 0 7 -0.4 -0.5 4.8 1


The (1/2)^5 to (11/2)^5 span maps the complete range
of mass/energy, from a min of 16 Kev to max of 2.6 Bev.
-------- QED literal

----------------------------------------

========= Mapping the Muon and Pion.

The three remaining index values of 5,6 & 7
were the most difficult to match; as their 5th power values
bracketed the muon and pion masses but were not close.

If the (n/2)^5 function is thought of in a zero to twelve range,
then six becomes the boundary between the upper and lower halves.
a symmetric parity; n/2=6*2 or (6/2)^5 at 243 e masses

Think of mass having an upper and a lower region
with NOTHING in between.


Recall that the muon and pion are 6 & 8 CMF's and that the
CMF is 32 e masses from (4/2)^5 .

When the CMF is considered a UNIT,
the Muon is ( 6/2 )^5 minus a UNIT at 211,
and the Pion is ( 6/2 )^5 plus a UNIT at 275 ,
both in e masses.

-------the 5,6,& 7 as table mid range

5' Muon is 211 electron masses; (Mu = 243 -32); -2.1%

6 Table empty mid zone at (6/2)^5 at 243 e masses or ~7 CMFs.

7' Pion is 275 electron masses (Pi = 243 + 32); -0.7%

An ad-hoc rule for the "6" slot was devised to split it
into derived (5'=6-1) and (7'=6+1) slots that
replace the values (5/2)^5 & (7/2)^5 ,
using the CMF as a UNIT of 32 e masses

------------------------------------------------------------------------


---------------Putting all ten together in a Table from: ( n/2 )^5, n= 1 to 11


TABLE: Fifth power LAW of MASS as ( n/2 )^5; n=1 to 11. "subSPACE"

-----The upper five region 11 to 7' from ( n/2 )^5

n Name e mass error%

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

11 MAX 5033 1 2.6 Bev ; Observation set limit table maximum

10 Om 3124 4.6 1.6 Bev Tau and Omega range

9 Proton 1845.3 -0.5 943 Mev Proton THE Fundamental MASS atom

8 K' 1024 -0.4 523 Mev ---- HALF of Kaon plus an Eta particle!

7' Pion 275 -0.7 (243+32 ) as 7'=6 plus UNIT /CMF
upper half
------ 6 Empty mid zone at n=(6*2)/2
---------------------------------------------------------
lower half
5' Muon 211 -2.1 (243-32 ) as 5'=6 minus UNIT/CMF

4 CMF 32 7 Common Mass Factor at ~16Mev to 18Mev ; a 3D UNIT .

3 ? 7.6 ? 3.88Mev ; an unknown zone; an insight into Dark matters?

2 e 1 0 NEGATIVE electron; reference mass; 0.511 Mev ! at ( 2/2 )^5

1 eN 1/32 0.1 Smallest Neutrino in Tritium Beta decay at 16 Kev; a MIN.

----- the lower five region 5' to 1 from ( n/2 )^5

--------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------- Hypothesis for the zone at ( 3/2 )^5

A new 3.88 Mev mass/energy zone is predicted; It might offer insight into Dark
matters!

--------------------------------------------------------

================== The Fifth Dimensional nature of MASS is conclusively revealed.

1 n/2 to the Fifth power law maps the entire range of Elementary Particle Masses!

2 Since "Elementary Particle mass values" are predicted via (n/2)^5
it can not be disputed, given this definitive 5D power law! QED!
-------- 2nd assumption satisfied

3 It's Physics and Mathematics in a one to one identity.
subSPACE is real and the observed domain of Particle Mass!
-------- 3rd assumption satisfied

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Well, that's it; comments are welcome
as well as any ideas about the 3.88 Mev zone ,
as it's the only unknown index in the 1 to 11 range.

If anything is found around 3.88 Mev or its multiples.
it would be an additional validation for this theory.

--------------------------------

-------------I have a Physics Degree from Univ of IL ; Urbana , 1965

-
Yours truly RD ....... Spring 2008 OP IL 60302 nuz post 4/29

send email to "

On Apr 29, 12:20*pm, Sam Wormley wrote:
wrote:

I often wondered why the Klauza-Klein Five Dimensional insights
have not yielded anything interesting or significant;
neither advocates nor theorems.

* *Background
* * *http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaluza-Klein_theory

Mass is always measured by weight. Weight is change of motion of mass.

Mitch Raemsch

wrote:

Title: The Mathematics of Particle Mass
[snip crap]

1. 2.6 Bev is the upper limit for the range of particle mass.
[snip rest of crap]

Top quark, 172.5 GeV
Bottom quark, 4.3 GeV

http://pdg.lbl.gov/2007/reviews/topquark_q007.pdf
http://pdg.lbl.gov/2007/reviews/quarks_q000.pdf

Strange mesons, charmed mesons, bottom-charmed mesons,
bottom-antibottom mesons can all exceed 2.6/c^2 GeV rest mass. The
two heaviest bottom-antibottom mesons mass 10.86 and 11.02 GeV/c^2.

"CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics," 88th Ed., Section 11, p. 39.

Is 11.02 GeV larger than 2.6 GeV?

--
Uncle Al
http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/
(Toxic URL! Unsafe for children and most mammals)
http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/lajos.htm#a2

wrote:

On Apr 29, 12:20 pm, Sam Wormley wrote:
wrote:

I often wondered why the Klauza-Klein Five Dimensional insights
have not yielded anything interesting or significant;
neither advocates nor theorems.

Background
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaluza-Klein_theory

Mass is always measured by weight. Weight is change of motion of mass.

Mitch Raemsch

Idiot.

http://www.apa.org/journals/features/psp7761121.pdf
Dunning-Kruger effect (2000 Ig Nobel Prize): ignorance more
frequently begets confidence than does knowledge

1) Incompetent individuals tend to overestimate their own level of
skill.
2) Incompetent individuals fail to recognize genuine skill in
others.
3) Incompetent individuals fail to recognize the extremity of their
inadequacy.

--
Uncle Al
http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/
(Toxic URL! Unsafe for children and most mammals)
http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/lajos.htm#a2

On Tue, 29 Apr 2008 14:23:38 -0700, Uncle Al wrote:

wrote:

Title: The Mathematics of Particle Mass

1. 2.6 Bev is the upper limit for the range of particle mass.

Top quark, 172.5 GeV
Bottom quark, 4.3 GeV

When you show me charge in thirds then I'll believe.

Ok , I forgot, why is the TOP that large?

-------------------------------

The 2.6 Bev is used as a average limit of the non-exotic classes;
those that have measurable lifetimes and important products.

The intent of the theory is to offer a new insight into mass range
of the MAJOR particles given how little correlation they possess.

I at least, have a Muon mass candidate; does anyone else?

-----------------------------------

subSPACE does offer two unique insights regardless of upper limits,

1 Mapping the minimum tritium neutrino energy

2. Predicting a new zone of 3.88 Mev
---------------------------------------------------------------


Hey Guys It's just a fifth power law that HAPPENS to map Particle Mass.

Mass range and value is considered one of the great unknowns in Physics!

--------Ok, Tell me why exactly the Proton/Electron ratio is what it is?

-------------------

I will be the first to agree that if 3.88 Mev zone does not exist, then
subSPACE will not offer much; but at least look.

--
Yours truly RD

1) Incompetent individuals tend to overestimate their own level of skill.
2) Incompetent individuals fail to recognize genuine skill in others.
3) Incompetent individuals fail to recognize the extremity of their inadequacy.
-------------------------------------------------

Thanks for self-diagnosis AL

You're spot on, old champ, I couldn't have said it better

But seriously, Are you that Blind ---------------to all Beauty?

AL, was there any Beauty at all in
this "n/2 to the fifth power sequence
that QED proclaimed a valid Theory of Volume; AKA subSPACE ?

If you say None, then You condemn yourself
and prove the accuracy of the your text above and below
applying only to YOU=you!

Slow down and see Five's Power as intrinsically beautiful independent of its claims

All RD wrote was
"Gee Whiz Everybody , Look what Happens when Mass
appears mapped using a simple Fifth power Function"

For a Brain like you, I'll say it this way:

How can eloquence be shown so straight forwardly
as in ( 9/2 )^5 as Proton literal ;
It was a self proof; a QED^2 if you will.

Still no Beauty stirring; ------- not even a little?

----Al

The 2600 Mev from (11/2)^5 is a Table limit , not an Absolute limit.
check your assumptions once in awhile, Pleeeeeese

OK here is my question only to you "Can Noise ever NOT exist"?--
I say this to you Al, because of your correlations with it
and if you really want to spout off show Quarks elegance somehow

Yours truly RD 30 Apr'08



On Tue, 29 Apr 2008 17:14:11 -0700, Uncle Al wrote:

wrote:

On Apr 29, 12:20 pm, Sam Wormley wrote:
wrote:

I often wondered why the Klauza-Klein Five Dimensional insights
have not yielded anything interesting or significant;
neither advocates nor theorems.

Background
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaluza-Klein_theory

Mass is always measured by weight. Weight is change of motion of mass.

Mitch Raemsch

Idiot.

http://www.apa.org/journals/features/psp7761121.pdf
Dunning-Kruger effect (2000 Ig Nobel Prize): ignorance more
frequently begets confidence than does knowledge

1) Incompetent individuals tend to overestimate their own level of
skill.
2) Incompetent individuals fail to recognize genuine skill in
others.
3) Incompetent individuals fail to recognize the extremity of their
inadequacy.

On Apr 29, 12:42Â*pm, wrote:
Â* Â* Â* Â* The simple equation "( n/2 )^5 . n= 1 to 11"
Â* Â* Â* Â* has 11 values that map in a simple mathematical fashion
Â* Â* Â* Â* to the entire range of Elementary Particle mass QED.

Â* Â* Â* Â* n Â* Â* Â* Name Â* Â*e mass Â*error% Â*Energy
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------
Â* Â* Â* Â* 11 Â* Â* Â*MAX Â* Â* 5033 Â* Â*1 Â* Â* Â* 2.6 Bev ; Observation set limit Â* Â* Â* Â* table maximum
Â* Â* Â* Â* 10 Â* Â* Â*Om Â* Â* Â*3124 Â* Â*4.6 Â* Â* 1.6 Bev as Tau and Omega range
Â* Â* Â* Â* 9 Â* Â* Â* Proton Â*1845.3 Â*-0.5 Â* Â*943 Mev Â*Proton
Â* Â* Â* Â* 8 Â* Â* Â* K' Â* Â* Â*1024 Â* Â*-0.4 Â* Â*523 Mev Â*---- K' as Half of Kaon and Eta sum.
Â* Â* Â* Â* 7' Â* Â* Â*Pion Â* Â* Â*275 Â* -0.7 Â* Â*(243+32 ) as 7'=6 plus UNIT /CMF
Â*upper half
----- Â* 6 Â* Â* Â* Empty mid zone at n=(6*2)/2
Â*lower half
Â* Â* Â* Â* 5' Â* Â* Â*Muon Â* Â*211 Â* Â* -2.1 Â* Â*(243-32 ) as 5'=6 minus UNIT/CMF
Â* Â* Â* Â* 4 Â* Â* Â* CMF Â* Â* 32 Â* Â* Â*7 Â* Â* Â* Common Mass Factor at ~16Mev to 18Mev ; a 3D UNIT.
Â* Â* Â* Â* 3 Â* Â* Â* ? Â* Â* Â* 7.6 Â* Â* ? Â* Â* Â* 3.88Mev ; an unknown zone; perhaps Dark matters?
Â* Â* Â* Â* 2 Â* Â* Â* e Â* Â* Â* 1 Â* Â* Â* 0 Â* Â* Â* NEGATIVE electron; reference mass; 0.511 Mev !
Â* Â* Â* Â* 1 Â* Â* Â* eN Â* Â* Â*1/32 Â* Â*0.1 Â* Â* Smallest Neutrino in Tritium Beta decay at 16 Kev; Â* a MIN

7 - 525 - 268 MeV
6 - 243 - 124 MeV
5 - 98 - 50 MeV
4 - 32 - 16.5 MeV

Be honest and say 5 and 7 fail; you got 5.8 and 6.15.

-------------------------- Neutrino Match found at ( 1/2 )^5

Finally, consider the enigmatic (1/2)^5 value
at e/32 masses or 16 Kev.

It is an excellent fit to the observed minimum Energy
of (eN) the anti-Neutrino measured in Tritium beta decay (0.1%) Â*

This doesn't mean anything; there are a world of keV-leptonic decays,
and 16 keV isn't the rest mass of anything.

ν/e: 2 eV
ν/μ: 190 keV
ν/τ: 18.2 MeV

--------------------------- Â*Hypothesis for the zone at ( 3/2 )^5
Â* Â* A new 3.88 Mev mass/energy zone is predicted; It might offer insight into Dark
matters!

u: 1.5–3 MeV
d: 3–7 MeV
s: 95 MeV
μ: 106 MeV
π: 135–140 MeV
K: 494–498 MeV
η: 548 MeV
c: 1.25 GeV
Ï„: 1.777 GeV
b: 4.2–4.7 GeV
t: 174.2 GeV

It's weird how 8 sits exactly between K and η. But there's no order
for your other integers: - e d ν/τ - μπ - Kη p * Ξ/c. 10 at 1.6 GeV
fits too many mesòns and barýòns..

Ever ask yourself "What is MASS and where is it?"

This theory asserts MASS exists in a tiny volume,
a near-nuclear scaled region that has its own laws.

I have loosely titled the theory :

"subSPACE ; The fifth dimensional domain of 3D volume
where the MASS of a Particle resides/exists".

No, the mass is where the field is, so it's not in a tiny room for
most of each mote; however, it's the tiny room thas makes most of each
mass.

================== Â* The Fifth Dimensional nature of MASS is conclusively revealed.

1 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* n/2 to the Fifth power law maps the entire range of Elementary Particle Masses!

Your scale somewhat works for 2, 4, 6, 8, and 9. 4 may not pan out.
But you start with a tiny mass, and many powers, so you can always
claim they hit other motes with small error. The vast greaterhood of
so-called hadròns are the same two or three quarks in isomeric orbits,
even thouh they bear different names. Each of those hav near-infinite
excited states, which make the PDG's book even fatter. So it's not
hard to hit any of them. The ratio between two masses at exponend 5
is between 2 and 3; as many of these motes are composite of two with
some leftover potential--mesòns and neutrinos--you can fit u-d and c-b
on the scale, but this match breaks up after two generations as the
heavier hadròns must cram in manier bosons for stability. And the
motes on your scale are random; there should not be one formula
between elèctròn and protòn, and the formula within a family would be
better gèometric than exponential.

The muòn's original family was mesòn wherefrom its weiht--as is the
piòn's later--but as it behaved lik the elèctròn they switchd their
mind for leptòn. Also, motes in a family fain decadore within:
barýòns to barýòns, mesòns to mesòns, leptòns to leptòns. Fundamental
motes are already midweiht however and are fermions; so thas the piòn
has integral "spin" (trend) should hintan it's composite of such
motes. As the neutrino isn't midweiht but is a fermion led me to my
discovery of its compositude of fermion and boson: http://google.com/groups?q=supergenium.

muòn- - elèctròn- piòn- elèctròn+ kaòn+ elèctròn-

piòn- - muòn- kaòn- elèctròn+

kaòn- - piòn- piòn - 'u'd 'u'u, 'u'd 'd'd = s - d'u'u, d'd'd

= piòn- - elèctròn- piòn- elèctròn+ piòn+ piòn+piòn- elèctròn- piòn-
piòn+piòn- elèctròn+

If the muòn is a fat elèctròn, then the piòn is a lean kaòn. But in
the above explication one can see the muòn is merely a common factor
in the piòn-elèctròn series, where the muòn hosts pionium-elèctronium
condensva. No wonder why the piòn spills so shortly. I wonder if
calcium-48 makes a good muonic pith. As the piòn is a fundamental
hadròn, one should redefin a leptòn as such a mote at the bottom--then
the protòn, piòn, quark, elèctròn, plasmòn, iòn, wimpòn, warpòn, and
dilatòn are all leptòns. Their energèts such as hýperòn, kaòn/D/B, s/
c/b/t, muòn/tauòn, radiòn, and whatever elles then are barýòns. Weak
ashhy stabil atoms such as heliòn, nucleonium (degenerate), neutrino,
epsilòn (K elèctròn-nucleòn), and geogen (whatever makes geòns), and
other dark (clear) matter are lastly býssòns.

2 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Since "Elementary Particle mass values" Â*are predicted via Â*(n/2)^5
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* it can not be disputed, given this definitive 5D power law! QED!
-------- 2nd assumption satisfied

They're not elementary, so no.

3 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* It's Physics and Mathematics in a one to one identity.
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* subSPACE is real and the observed domain of Particle Mass!
-------- 3rd assumption satisfied

mathematic artefact

Well, that's it; Â*comments are welcome
as well as any ideas about the 3.88 Mev zone ,
as it's the only unknown index in the 1 to 11 range.

If anything is found around 3.88 Mev or its multiples.
it would be an additional validation for ...

The Planck charge solitòn is a better goal.

-Aut

TITLE A 5th power mathematical distribution Discovery that maps Particle Mass !

{ABSTRACT: The DATA Range of a Fifth Dimensional power law.

The simple equation ( n/2 )^5 . n= 1 to 11" and doubled at ~22
has values that map in a simple mathematical fashion
to the entire range of Particle Masses; QED,

n Name e mass error% Energy

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----The exotic region of ( n/2 )^5 as the upper limit of Particle mass.

22.5 Z 180203 -1.1 92.08 Bev ; table maximum
22 W 161051 -2.3 82.33 Bev ; Observational data is 80.4 & 91.18 Bev

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Nucleon scale and below

-----The upper five region 11 to 7' via ( n/2 )^5
11 MAX 5033 1 2600 Mev ; Nucleon scale observational limit
10 Om 3124 4.6 1597 Mev as Tau and Omega range
9 Proton 1845.3 -0.5 943 Mev Proton
8 K' 1024 -0.4 523 Mev ---- K' as Half of Kaon and Eta sum.
7' Pion 275 -0.7 (243+32 ) as 7'=6 plus UNIT /CMF

upper half
------ 6 243 Empty mid zone at n=(6*2)/2
-----------------------------------------

----- the lower five region 5' to 1 from ( n/2 )^5

lower half
5' Muon 211 -2.1 (243-32 ) as 5'=6 minus UNIT/CMF
4 CMF 32 7 Common Mass Factor at ~16Mev to 18Mev
3 ? 7.6 ? 3.88Mev ; an unknown zone; perhaps Dark matters?
2 e 1 0 NEGATIVE electron; reference mass; 0.511 Mev !
1 eN 1/32 0.1 Smallest Neutrino in Tritium Beta decay at 16 Kev; a MIN


ICONs are Proton at 9/2 and W at 22/2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


--------- Consider a volume of one cubic centimeter; cc = cm^3

Imagine trying to compare Mercury's orbital volume at 32 million miles across or
17 thousand million cubic miles or 8e23 cubic KM to a cc.

Compare it with whatever precision you can imagine.

It's equivalent to the nuclear scale volume within that same cc.

Using the scale value of 1e-13 cm as a reference;
it is the same ratio as Mercury's orbital volume is to a cm^3.

A cc/cm^3 was midway between the orbital volume of Mercury
and the volume of the nuclear scale.


================= The subSPACE Theory

This theory asserts MASS exists in a near-nuclear scaled region
defined by a fifth dimensional power law,

Normal spatial concepts of our macro scale do not apply to
this "subSPACE" scale where mass resides; it's too distant.


The theory is titled: "subSPACE ; A dense volume where the MASS of a Particle
resides/exists".

--------------------------------------

subSPACE theory assumptions:

1. The Z & W particles are the upper limits for particle masses .

2. 2600 Mev is the upper limit for the range of nucleon scale particle mass.

3. Since particle mass is already considered "compacted",
any valid relation/equation that encompasses most forms and the entire range
of mass would be a self evident proof and Klauza-Klein compatible; QED.

--------------------

Predictions; If this "subSPACE" theory/model is correct, then

Particle Mass mapped by this 5D function should be self-evident [QED]

A new way to measure/see Dark Matter is possible, based on a revealed resonance at
3.88 Mev.


---------------------------------------------


Here are the first three 5D examples for the electron, proton and upper nucleon limit.

e = (1)^5 was one standard e mass at 0.511 Mev

Proton = (4.5)^5 at 1845.3 e masses or 943 Mev; a -0.5% fit.

Nucleon Max = (5.5)^5 at 5033 e masses or 2600 Mev.
--------This was the actual observed upper limit of the nucleon Particle scale.
-------- 2nd assumption satisfied as nucleon maximum


Two more 5th power points emerge upon simple inspection
of Kaon and Omega ranges.

(4)^5 maps to the Kaon at 6%

If (K + ETA)/2 mass is used , then its a 0.4% match.
noted in this text as K' for the pairing half value at 523 Mev.

(5)^5 maps to the Omega at 4.8%; the only plus % error.

Now there are five fits to a simple 5th power curve!

e = (1)^5 was one standard e mass at 0.511 Mev

K' as (Kaon+eta)/2 was 1024 e masses or 523 Mev at a -0.4% fit.
Proton = (4.5)^5 at 1845.3 e masses or 943 Mev; a -0.5% fit.
Omega at 5^5 was 3124 e masses or ~1600 Mev; at a 4.6% fit

Nucleon Max = (5.5)^5 or 5033 e masses at 2600 Mev, at a 1 % fit.

-----------------------------

Next, the form of the function is changed to
make a table of (n/2)^5 values from 1 to 11.

The five points are now:

(2/2)^5 (8/2)^5 (9/2)^5 (10/2)^5 (11/2)^5
e--------------K'------------P--------------Om----------Max
0 -0.4 -0.5 4.8 1 % match


---------------------------------------------

After re-studying all the Elementary Particle masses, It was noted that
(4/2)^5 at 16.4 Mev is 7% near the particle Common Mass Factor-
CMF of 17.5 Mev; suggesting an internal mass grouping; a UNIT mass

eg. Muon is ~6 UNITs , Pion is ~8 UNITs and Proton is ~54 UNITs

Now there are six points, with five remaining unknowns.

(2/2)^5 (4/2)^5 (8/2)^5 (9/2)^5 (10/2)^5 (11/2)^5
e------ CMF ----K'-----------P----------Om---------Max
0 7 -0.4 -0.5 4.8 1 %

-----------------------

For further study, the remaining five 'n' values were separated
into a 6/2, 7/2 & 5/2) group and 3/2 & 1/2 into another.

-------------------------- Neutrino Match found at ( 1/2 )^5

Consider the enigmatic (1/2)^5 value at e/32 masses or 16 Kev.

It is an excellent fit to the observed minimum Energy
of the anti-Neutrino(eN) measured in Tritium beta decay (0.1%)


-------------Nucleon scale of Particle Mass's entire range mapped!

Here is current table of seven from ( n/2 )^5:

n 1 2 4 8 9 10 11
ID eN e CMF K' P Om Max
% err 0.1 0 7 -0.4 -0.5 4.8 1

The (1/2)^5 to (11/2)^5 span maps the range of Nucleon
mass/energy, from a min of 16 Kev to max of 2600 Mev.


========== Entire particle MASS/Energy range mapped

The exotic region of ( n/2 )^5 maps the W & Z as the upper limit of Particle mass.

n=22.5 as the Z at 180203 emasses with a -1.1% err at 92.08 Bev ; Observational data is
91.18 Bev
n=22 as the W at 161051 emasses with a -2.3% err at 82.3 Bev ; Observational data is
80.4 Bev
-------- 1st assumption satisfied

Here is current table of nine from ( n/2 )^5:
n 1 2 4 8 9 10 11 22
22.5
ID eN e CMF K' P Om Max W Z
% err 0.1 0 7 -0.4 -0.5 4.8 1 -2.3
-1.1

The (1/2)^5 to (22.5/2)^5 span maps the complete range
of Particle mass/energy, from a min of 16 Kev to max of 92 Bev.

---------------------------------------

========= Mapping the Muon and Pion.

The three index values of 5,6 & 7
were the most difficult to match; as their 5th power values
bracketed the muon and pion masses but were not close.

If the (n/2)^5 function is thought of in a zero to twelve range,
then six becomes the boundary between the upper and lower halves.
a symmetric parity; n/2=6*2 or (6/2)^5 at 243 e masses

Think of Nucleon mass having an upper and a lower region
with NOTHING in between.

Recall that the muon and pion are 6 & 8 CMF's and that the
CMF is 32 e masses from (4/2)^5 .

When the CMF is considered a UNIT,
the Muon is ( 6/2 )^5 minus a UNIT at 211,
and the Pion is ( 6/2 )^5 plus a UNIT at 275 ,
both in e masses.

-------the 5,6,& 7 as table mid range

5' Muon is 211 electron masses; (Mu = 243 -32); -2.1%

6 Table empty mid zone at (6/2)^5 at 243 e masses or ~7 CMFs.

7' Pion is 275 electron masses (Pi = 243 + 32); -0.7%

An ad-hoc rule for the "6" slot was devised to split it
into derived (5'=6-1) and (7'=6+1) slots that
replace the values (5/2)^5 & (7/2)^5 ,
using the CMF as a UNIT of 32 e masses

------------------------------------------------------------------------


---------------Putting all ten together in a Table from: ( n/2 )^5


TABLE: Fifth power LAW of MASS as ( n/2 )^5; n=1 to 11. "subSPACE"
and the n=~22 range maps the Z & W particles as the upper limit of mass.

n Name e mass error% Energy

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----The exotic region of ( n/2 )^5 as the upper limit of Particle mass.
22.5 Z 180203 -1.1 92.08 Bev ; table maximum

22 W 161051 -2.3 82.3 Bev ; Observational data is 80.4 & 91.18 Bev

-----The upper five region 11 to 7' from ( n/2 )^5
11 MAX 5033 1 2600 Mev ; Nucleon scale observational limit

10 Om 3124 4.6 1597 Mev as Tau and Omega range

9 Proton 1845.3 -0.5 943 Mev Proton THE Fundamental MASS atom

8 K' 1024 -0.4 523 Mev ---- HALF of Kaon plus an Eta particle!

7' Pion 275 -0.7 (243+32 ) as 7'=6 plus UNIT /CMF


------ 6 243 Empty mid zone at n=(6*2)/2
-----------------------------------------

----- the lower five region 5' to 1 from ( n/2 )^5
5' Muon 211 -2.1 (243-32 ) as 5'=6 minus UNIT/CMF

4 CMF 32 7 Common Mass Factor at ~16Mev to 18Mev

3 ? 7.6 ? 3.88Mev ; an unknown zone; an insight into Dark matters?

2 e 1 0 NEGATIVE electron; reference mass; 0.511 Mev !

1 eN 1/32 0.1 Smallest Neutrino in Tritium Beta decay at 16 Kev; a MIN.


--------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------- Hypothesis for the zone at ( 3/2 )^5

A new 3.88 Mev mass/energy zone is predicted; It might offer insight into Dark
matters!

--------------------------------------------------------

================== The Fifth Dimensional nature of MASS is conclusively revealed.

The n/2 to the Fifth power law maps the entire range of Elementary Particle Masses,
and its nodes each contain a significant particle identity; QED.
It's Physics and Mathematics in a one to one identity.
subSPACE is real and the observed domain of Particle Mass!

-------- 3rd assumption satisfied


---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Well, that's it; comments are welcome
as well as any ideas about the 3.88 Mev zone ,
as it's the only unknown index in the 1 to 11 range.

If anything is found around 3.88 Mev or its multiples.
it would be an additional validation for this theory.

-----This Just In ------ April 2008
An interested reader says that he has found something
at 3.88 Mev using a Cerenkov related energy pattern;
and will follow up, if it leads to anything.

--------------------------------

-------------I have a Physics Degree from Univ of IL ; Urbana , 1965

-
Yours truly RD ....... Spring 2008 OP IL 60302 nuz post 5/12

send email to "
--------------------

--
Yours truly RD

Gamma multiplied by C squared concentrated energy.
Mass in motion has Gamma energy or C^2 multiplied by Gamma for motion

On May 15, 9:02*am, wrote:
* * * * -----The upper five region 11 to 7' via ( n/2 )^5
* * * * 11 * * *MAX * * 5033 * *1 * * * 2600 Mev ; Nucleon scale observational limit

* * * * Nucleon Max = (5.5)^5 at 5033 e masses or *2600 Mev.
--------This was the actual observed upper limit of the nucleon Particle scale.
-------- 2nd assumption satisfied as nucleon maximum

Wrong: N(2700), Ä(2750), Ä(2950), Ó(2620), Ó(3000), Ó(3170), Ù/
c(2700), Î/c(2645), Î/c(2790), Î/c(2815), Ë/b(5625)

Data are.

-------------------------- Neutrino Match found at ( 1/2 )^5

Consider the enigmatic (1/2)^5 value at e/32 masses or 16 Kev.

It is an excellent fit to the observed minimum Energy
of the anti-Neutrino(eN) *measured in Tritium beta decay (0.1%) *

Cretin, deal with my criticisms.