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****************Original article***********************

EXPANSION OF UNIVERSE SOLE EXPLANATION OF RED SHIFT
Are the distant nebulae redder than the nearer ones because they are
receding with enormous speed or, as many like to believe, is there some
other explanation, such as attributing the red shift to the action of
electrons in free space?


Prof. Roy Kennedy and Walter Barkas of the University of Washington
announced at the meeting of the Pacific division of the American
Association for the Advancement of Science that they had tested the
matter experimentally and found that electrons could not be held
responsible because there are not enough of them.


They used a special instrument called an interferometer, designed by
Prof. Kennedy, which is capable of detecting a change of a billionth of
an inch in a foot. Still no effect of electrons could be seen even with
millions of millions present. Prof. R.C. Tolman, new president of the
Pacific division of the Association, announced that he and Dr. Edwin P.
Hubble, recent winner of the Barnard medal for his work on the red
shift, were practically convinced that no known effect other then
recession of the nebulae was competent to account for the observations
of the red shift.


From scienceNews, July 13, 1935, issue
http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/...6/timeline.asp


Comment:
Some revisionists (on this forum and on others) have tried to claim
that "we knew all along that it was space that was expanding" or
similar wishful thinking. This report in a science magazine
contemporary to the events reports that scientists believed that it was
objects travelling at high velocity (away from the observer) that was
the cause of the red shift. They were quite wrong.


Edwin Hubble did not discover the redshift but was the first to
correlate the amount of redshift with the distance of stellar objects.
RC Tolman practically invented the field of relativistic
thermodynamics. His books, such as "The Principles of Statistical
Mechanics" and "Relativity Thermodynamics and Cosmology" are still
available and well worth occupying the shelf of the serious
relativist/thermodynamicist.

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My Comments,

A cause to the red shift is claimed to be proven not caused by the
presence of matter.

And the experiment used electrons and not the dark matter between the
stars.

A relation of space to the force necessary was utilized and the
electrons produced the necessary force density.

And the quanta of the electron was therefor held truthful.

A kind of nonfalsifiable experiment was reported above. And the
scientist's truth rested on the force of the electron.

And so to cause the redshift's truth was the experiment's intention.

A single relation was present to take the force of gravity and relate.

Implying the force as any force behaves indentically in relation to the
quanta.

And so the transformation of choice is revealed.

A quanta's effect on the existing quanta was to be
tested. And the electron was chosen.

And here is the comparision of my claim to this scientist's claim. The
redshift proves the effect of quanta. And his experiment avoids the
issue by measuing what, distance. A true measure of redshift was
necessary, not the distance of the effect in inference. A redshift
detector was necessary.

A kind of scientific lie was apparent and the necessary ability to
unravel it was substantial. The depth's to which certain people go to
say everything is A-OK is the same level as history's record indicates.